What is the primary reason for adding capacitance to a power system?

Adding capacitance to a power system primarily serves to correct the power factor. In electrical systems, particularly in alternating current (AC) circuits, the power factor is a measure of how effectively the electrical power is being converted into useful work output. A low power factor indicates that the current and voltage are not in phase, often due to inductive loads such as motors and transformers, which can lead to inefficiencies and increased demand on the power supply.

By introducing capacitance, which provides leading reactive power, the overall power factor of the system can be improved. This process helps to bring the current and voltage more in phase, effectively reducing the total amount of current drawn from the supply for a given amount of work, thus enhancing the efficiency of the power system. Additionally, a better power factor can lead to lower utility costs and reduce the strain on electrical infrastructure.

The other options do not correctly represent the primary purpose of adding capacitance. Increasing inductance or stabilizing current are not direct outcomes of adding capacitors, and lowering voltage levels is an unrelated consequence that does not address the need for power factor correction.